In Episode 33 of Ancient Code, Modern Mind, host Harsh Rain concludes Aryabhata’s eclipse calculation methodology in the Golapāda of the Aryabhatiya, focusing on the visual and observational aspects of eclipses. Building on Episode 32’s duration and magnitude calculations, the episode explores the eclipse’s orientation (Valana), calculated via Akṣavalana (latitude deflection) and Ayanavalana (ecliptic deflection) to create an accurate eclipse diagram (Grahaparilekha). It highlights Aryabhata’s vivid description of lunar eclipse colors—Dhūmra (smoky), Kṛṣṇa (black), Kapila (tawny), and Sakṛṣṇatāmra (dark coppery-red)—reflecting atmospheric refraction effects. The episode clarifies why Earth’s shadow cannot eclipse the Sun, reinforcing the shadow theory, and notes the observational threshold (one-eighth magnitude) for naked-eye visibility. Connecting ancient observations to modern eclipse diagrams and atmospheric science, this episode showcases Aryabhata’s blend of quantitative prediction and qualitative detail. Engaging and vivid, it completes the eclipse section with a focus on the observer’s experience.

Key Words:
Aryabhata, Golapāda, eclipse calculations, orientation, Valana, Akṣavalana, Ayanavalana, eclipse diagram, Grahaparilekha, lunar eclipse colors, Dhūmra, Kṛṣṇa, Kapila, Sakṛṣṇatāmra, atmospheric refraction, Earth’s shadow, observational threshold, astronomy, ancient India, eclipse prediction, visual astronomy.

Disclosures:

• This podcast is produced for educational and entertainment purposes and reflects interpretations of historical texts. Listeners are encouraged to consult primary sources and scholarly works for further study.

• Pronunciations of Sanskrit terms are approximations for accessibility and may vary across regional traditions.

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