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Obgyn: Oligohydramnios: Free MSRA Podcast

Obgyn: Oligohydramnios: Free MSRA Podcast

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 🎧 Deep Dive: Oligohydramnios – High-Yield MSRA BreakdownIn this focused episode, we dissect Oligohydramnios – a potentially serious pregnancy complication – through the lens of MSRA revision. Whether you're cramming for exams or aiming for better clinical understanding, this is your shortcut to mastering amniotic fluid deficiencies.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• Oligohydramnios = abnormally low amniotic fluid volume• Diagnosed by:AFI < 5 cmMVP < 2 cmEstimated volume < 500 mL (between 32–36 weeks)• Often picked up on routine ultrasound📌 Physiology Overview• Normal peak volume ~1L by 34–36 weeks• Produced by fetal urine & respiratory secretions• Cleared via fetal swallowing• Maternal hydration can influence fluid levels📌 Prevalence• Affects 1–5% of pregnancies• 0.7% for severe cases• Up to 12% in post-term pregnancies (≥41 weeks)📌 Causes & Risk Factors🧒 Fetal:• Renal/genitourinary anomalies• IUGR• PROM (rupture of membranes)• Fetal demise🧫 Placental:• Abruption• Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome🤰 Maternal:• Dehydration• Pre-eclampsia, hypertension, diabetes• Uteroplacental insufficiency💊 Iatrogenic/Drugs:• Indomethacin (NSAID)• ACE inhibitors❓ Idiopathic: No identifiable cause📌 Pathophysiology• Imbalance: too little production OR excessive loss• Disrupts lung development, fetal movement, cord perfusion• Risk of organ compression, cord accidents, IUGR📌 Clinical Features• Often asymptomatic• May present with:Reduced fetal movementsFundal height lagging behind gestationFetal heart rate abnormalities (late decelerations)📌 Investigations🔎 Ultrasound• AFI & MVP measurements• Check for IUGR, fetal position, anomalies📋 Other Tests• Biophysical profile (BPP) – evaluates fetal wellbeing• Doppler velocimetry – assess placental flow• Speculum + Nitrazine test – if PROM suspected• Amniocentesis (in selected cases)📌 Differential Diagnosis• Physiological low-normal fluid• PROM• Placental insufficiency• Fetal anomalies📌 Management🧃 Mild cases• Increase maternal hydration (up to 30% improvement)• Expectant management with close monitoring📅 Timing-based approach• Preterm (<37w): Monitor growth, fluid levels, CTG• Term (≥37w): Consider delivery if fetal compromise• Post-term (≥41w): Isolated oligohydramnios ≠ automatic induction💉 Interventions• Amnioinfusion (temporary): Replace fluid via catheter• Vesicoamniotic shunt: For fetal urinary obstruction – bypass block📌 Prognosis• Depends on gestational age & cause• Second trimester cases → likely structural anomalies• Third trimester/post-term → often milder, better outcomes• Risks include:Meconium aspirationNICU admissionC-sectionLow birth weight📌 Complications🚨 Severe risks:• Potter sequence: Pulmonary hypoplasia + limb/face deformities• Fetal compression syndrome• Cord compression• Infection risk (after PROM)• Amniotic band syndrome📎 More MSRA Resources on Oligohydramnios📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/oligohydramnios-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/oligohydramnios-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/oligohydramnios-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/oligohydramnios-rapid-quiz/🎓 Full Course: https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/obstetrics-and-gynaecology-for-the-msra/🧪 Quiz Bank: https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/oligohydramnios/🔖 Hashtags#MSRA #Oligohydramnios #MSRAQuiz #MSRAFlashcards #AmnioticFluid #PregnancyComplications #ObstetricsAndGynaecology #PassTheMSRA #FreeMSRA #MSRAAccordions #MSRARevisionWebsite #PotterSyndrome #PROM #NICUGuidelines
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