Obgyn: Infertility: Free MSRA Podcast Podcast Por arte de portada

Obgyn: Infertility: Free MSRA Podcast

Obgyn: Infertility: Free MSRA Podcast

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 🎧 FREE MSRA PODCAST – Infertility: A Complete Deep DiveIn this episode, we break down one of the most important and frequently tested topics in Obstetrics and Gynaecology for the MSRA – Infertility. Based on NICE-aligned revision notes, we unpack definitions, causes, investigations, and treatment, giving you high-yield clarity for exam success and clinical understanding.🧠 Key Learning Points📌 Definition• Infertility = inability to conceive after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse• For women over 35, investigations start after 6 months• WHO definition also includes failure to carry a pregnancy to term📌 Epidemiology• Affects 1 in 7 couples in the UK• ~84% conceive within 1 year, 92% within 2 years• 40% of cases involve both partners📌 Common Causes (UK figures)• Male factors – 30%• Ovulatory disorders – 25%• Unexplained infertility – 25%• Tubal damage – 20%• Uterine/peritoneal issues – 10%📌 Risk Factors• Advanced age (female & male)• Obesity, smoking, alcohol, STIs, environmental toxins• Medical: PCOS, endometriosis, thyroid disease, prior pelvic surgery📌 Pathophysiology• Issues with:OvulationTubal transportSperm quality/functionUterine abnormalitiesHormonal regulationOr unexplained📌 Clinical Presentation• Most present with inability to conceive• Associated symptoms: irregular periods (PCOS), pelvic pain (endometriosis)📌 Investigations👩‍🦰 For Women• Day 21 serum progesterone (or 7 days before expected period)<16 nmol/L = anovulation16–30 = borderline → repeat30 = confirms ovulation• FSH, LH (irregular cycles), TSH, Prolactin (if indicated)• Chlamydia screen👨‍🦱 For Men• Semen analysis – low count, motility, or abnormal morphology• Repeat if abnormal. Refer to urology/fertility clinic after 2 abnormal results• Chlamydia screen also recommended📌 Management Overview🎯 General advice• Folic acid, healthy BMI, quit smoking, alcohol moderation, regular sex (every 2–3 days)• Address emotional toll: offer counselling, support groups🩺 Medical• Clomiphene citrate, gonadotrophins to induce ovulation• Address thyroid or prolactin issues🔧 Surgical• Tubal surgery (blockages)• Laparoscopy for endometriosis• Male surgery for obstructive causes🧬 Assisted Conception Techniques (ART)• IUI – sperm inserted during ovulation• IVF – eggs fertilised in vitro, transferred to uterus• ICSI – single sperm injected into egg (used in male factor infertility)• Donor sperm/egg – for azoospermia, premature ovarian failure, or genetic risks📌 IVF Specifics• Influenced by age, BMI, lifestyle• Single embryo transfer recommended by NICE to avoid multiples📌 Prognosis• Varies with age, underlying cause, and access to ART• Many couples successfully conceive with proper support and intervention📌 Complications• Emotional distress, relationship strain, financial stress• ART Risks:Multiple pregnancyOvarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) – bloating, nausea, ascites, clotsRare: Borderline ovarian tumours (theoretical increased risk from ART)📎 More MSRA Resources on Infertility📝 Revision Notes: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/infertility-revision-notes/🧠 Flashcards: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/infertility-flashcards/💬 Accordion Q&A: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/infertility-accordion-qa-notes/🚀 Rapid Quiz: https://www.passthemsra.com/topic/infertility-rapid-quiz/🎓 Full Course: https://www.passthemsra.com/courses/obstetrics-and-gynaecology-for-the-msra/🧪 Quiz Bank: https://www.passthemsra.com/quizzes/infertility/Hashtags#MSRA #Infertility #MSRAFlashcards #MSRAAccordions #ObstetricsAndGynaecology #MSRAQuiz #OvarianReserve #ART #IVF #OHSS #PassTheMSRA #FreeMSRA #MSRARevision #MSRAQuestionBank
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