Queen Nzinga ruled Ndongo and Matamba (present day Angola) in the 17th century. She has gone down in history as resisting colonialism and giving the Portuguese what-for using guerrilla warfare. There is more under the surface, however; in today's story you'll learn that being a ruler requires being pragmatic, which is not always peaceful.

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Sources:

“Nzinga” by Rebecca M. Kulik (Oct 17 2024)

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nzinga

“Queen Nzinga Mbande: The Unyielding Beacon of Resistance and Sovereignty” by Editorial Team (Jan 5 2024)

https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/african-history/queen-nzinga-mbande-the-unyielding-beacon-of-resistance-and-sovereignty/

“Queen Nzinga (1583-1663)” by Jessica Snethen (Jun 16 2009)

https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/

“Njinga Mbandi” by Nicolette M. Kostiw

https://enslaved.org/fullStory/16-23-102027/

“Nbandi, Ana Nzinga “Queen Ginga”” by Nicolette M. Kostiw (Jun 01 2016), The Dictionary of Caribbean and Afro-Latin American Biography. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.74658

https://projects.kora.matrix.msu.edu/files/16-23-102027/Njinga_Mbandi_DCALAB.pdf

Sound Credits:

Music by drmseq from Pixabay: https://pixabay.com/music/build-up-scenes-tribal-drums-328455/

Music by Syouki Takahashi from Pixabay: https://pixabay.com/music/ambient-midnight-forest-184304/