Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The type and severity of seizures can vary widely among individuals, depending on which part of the brain is affected.
People with epilepsy may experience a range of symptoms during a seizure, including temporary confusion, staring spells, uncontrollable jerking movements of the arms and legs, loss of consciousness, or other changes in behavior. While the exact cause is often unknown, factors such as genetics, brain injuries, strokes, infections, or developmental disorders can contribute to its development. Epilepsy is typically managed with anti-seizure medications, though other treatments like surgery or dietary changes may be considered in some cases.