The Levant Files podcast has released a compelling new episode examining the complex evolution of Yemen's Houthi movement. Prompted by recent headlines surrounding alleged Houthi attacks extending as far as Israel's Ben Gurion Airport, the episode offers a deep dive into the group's transformation from a locally focused Zaydi Shia revivalist movement into a formidable regional force.

The podcast unpacks the Houthis' origins in northern Yemen, tracing their roots back to the early 1990s and Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi's leadership. It explores the initial grievances driving the movement, including feelings of political and economic marginalization under the central government, resistance to perceived external influences like Salafism, and the legacy of Yemen's complex political history.

Listeners gain insight into key stages of the Houthis' development, particularly the hardening experience of the Sa'ada wars (2004-2010) against the Yemeni government, which honed their military capabilities and anti-establishment narrative. The episode analyzes their strategic, albeit temporary, alliance with former President Ali Abdullah Saleh and their pivotal capture of the capital, Sana'a, in 2014, capitalizing on the failures of the post-Arab Spring transitional government.

The discussion also tackles the group's internal dynamics, external support – notably consistent accusations of Iranian backing with weapons and training – and the comparison often drawn with Hezbollah. While acknowledging potential proxy dynamics, the podcast emphasizes the Houthis' specific goals shaped by Yemen's unique context.

Ultimately, "The Levant Files" provides a nuanced perspective, moving beyond simple headlines to illuminate the historical, political, and military factors behind the Houthis' rise and their increasing willingness to project power. This raises crucial questions about their capabilities, limitations, and the future stability of the region.

Sources Used in Podcast Creation:

• Council on Foreign Relations, "Iran's Support of the Houthis: What to Know," Council on Foreign Relations, January 31, 2024, https://www.cfr.org/in-brief/irans-support-houthis-what-know. (Note: The date 5/4/25 found in the OCR header is likely an access date or placeholder; the article itself was last updated on January 31, 2024, per the live website. The footnote uses the updated date as the publication date. The OCR also contains a correction note dated March 24, 2025, which is also a future date and likely an error in the source document/OCR.)
• Jean-Loup C. Samaan, "Adapting to Adaptive Adversaries: Missiles, Drones, and the Houthis in Yemen," Parameters 50, no. 1 (Spring 2020): 52–64.
• Euronews with AP, "Missile from Yemen hits Tel Aviv's Ben Gurion airport," Euronews, May 4, 2025, https://www.euronews.com/2025/05/04/missile-from-yemen-hits-tel-avivs-ben-gurion-airport. (Note: The date 5/4/25 appears to be a placeholder or error in the source document/OCR as it is a future date.)
• Helen Lackner, Yemen: Poverty and Conflict (London and New York: Routledge, 2023).
• Alexandra Stark, The Yemen Model: Why U.S. Policy Has Failed in the Middle East (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2024).
• Marieke Brandt, Tribes and Politics in Yemen: A History of the Houthi Conflict (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017).