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Outsourcing Our Minds: AI, Learning, and the Cognitive Cost

Outsourcing Our Minds: AI, Learning, and the Cognitive Cost

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The Cognitive Cost of AI: A Deep Dive into Learning and DevelopmentIn this episode of PsyberSpace, host Leslie Poston explores how artificial intelligence is reshaping cognition, particularly in education. The discussion focuses on the developmental impact of AI on children and the cognitive trade-offs associated with relying on AI tools. The episode delves into the science behind why traditional methods like handwriting are essential for learning, memory, and cognitive development. It also highlights the risks of cognitive offloading and suggests strategies for integrating AI thoughtfully without compromising critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The takeaway: while AI offers many conveniences, it’s crucial to balance its use to foster resilient, capable minds.00:00 Introduction to AI and Cognitive Impact01:01 AI in Education: Potential and Pitfalls01:40 Cognitive Offloading and Dependency04:30 The Importance of Handwriting07:47 Developmental Concerns with Early AI Use09:38 Critical Thinking and AI Reliance11:25 Guardrails and Solutions13:04 The Role of Productive Struggle16:17 AI Hallucinations and Misinformation18:43 Strategies for Thoughtful AI Integration24:19 Conclusion and Call to ActionVOTE FOR PSYBERSPACE THIS MONTH! I'm nominated for a Women in Podcasting award! Voting is open during the month of May - I'd love your support. Note: You don't have to vote for every category, just look for PsyberSpace in Science Podcasts at this link https://www.womenpodcasters.com/awards-voting?sc=27127076032d7fd70ddcab921ce8652fb78353d03ResearchArmitage, K. L., Naulls, S., & Gillett, H. R. (2023). Cognitive offloading of memory for visual pattern learning: Benefits for performance but costs for long-term learning. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 8(1), 60. Berninger, V. W., Abbott, R. D., Augsburger, A., & Garcia, N. (2009). Comparison of pen and keyboard transcription modes in children with and without learning disabilities. Learning Disability Quarterly, 32(3), 123-141. Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2011). Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way: Creating desirable difficulties to enhance learning. In M. A. Gernsbacher, R. W. Pew, L. M. Hough, & J. R. Pomerantz (Eds.), Psychology and the real world: Essays illustrating fundamental contributions to society (pp. 56-64). Worth Publishers.Boaler, J. (2016). Mathematical mindsets: Unleashing students' potential through creative math, inspiring messages and innovative teaching. Jossey-Bass.Craik, F. I. M., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11(6), 671-684. Dunn, T. L., & Risko, E. F. (2016). Toward a metacognitive account of cognitive offloading. Cognitive Science, 40(5), 1080-1127.Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.Eskritt, M., & Ma, S. (2014). Intentional forgetting: Note-taking as a naturalistic example. Memory & Cognition, 42(2), 237-246. Fiorella, L., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). Eight ways to promote generative learning. Educational Psychology Review, 28(4), 717-741.Gerlich, M. (2023). AI tools in society: Impacts on cognitive offloading and the future of critical thinking. Societies, 15(1), 6. Hatano, A., Ogawa, K., Yamashita, M., & Yamamoto, H. (2021). Active memory processing mediated by hippocampal theta oscillations is important for memory stabilization during wake and sleep. Scientific Reports, 11, 12135. Ihara, A. S., Nakajima, K., Kake, A., Ishimaru, K., Osugi, K., & Naruse, Y. (2021). Advantage of handwriting over typing on learning words: Evidence from an N400 event-related potential index. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15, 679191. Kapur, M. (2016). Examining productive failure, productive success, unproductive failure, and unproductive success in learning. Educational Psychologist, 51(2), 289-299. Kapur, M., & Bielaczyc, K. (2012). Designing for productive failure. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 21(1), 45-83.Kiefer, M., Schuler, S., Mayer, C., Trumpp, N. M., Hille, K., & Sachse, S. (2015). Handwriting or typewriting? The influence of pen- or keyboard-based writing training on reading and writing performance in preschool children. Advances in Cognitive Psychology, 11(4), 136-146. Longcamp, M., Boucard, C., Gilhodes, J. C., Anton, J. L., Roth, M., Nazarian, B., & Velay, J. L. (2008). Learning through hand- or typewriting influences visual recognition of new graphic shapes: Behavioral and functional imaging evidence. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20(5), 802-815.Mangen, A., Anda, L. G., Oxborough, G. H., & Brønnick, K. (2015). Handwriting versus keyboard writing: Effect on word recall. Journal of Writing Research, 7(2), 227-247.Marsh, E. J., & Rajaram, S. (2019). The digital expansion of the mind: Implications of internet usage for memory and cognition. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 8(1), 1-14. Meyerhoff, H. S., Papenmeier, F., & Jahn, G. (2017). ...
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