Episodes

  • Ep. 46 - FAAH-Out: The Curious Case of Joanne Cameron

    Ep. 46 - FAAH-Out: The Curious Case of Joanne Cameron
    Dec 4 2024
    Several years ago, a medical case appeared that took the scientific and medical community by storm. A patient appeared for surgery who reported never feeling anxiety, depression, or pain, despite numerous injuries and surgeries for which she required treatment. As scientists analyzed her genetic profile, they discovered something amazing - Joanne Cameron lacked the genetic code that was responsible for transmitting pain and creating anxiety and depression. In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we examine the curious case of Joanne Cameron that has led to some very surprising research that targets this important physiological phenomenon, and drug companies are furiously developing drugs to capitalize on this incredible potential to decrease pain, anxiety, depression, and treat a number of psychological and physical disorders. One of the most incredible findings linked to this case: cannabinoids, like CBD, also enhance the natural physiological activities of the body linked to the FAAH-OUT gene, where inflammation is halted (reducing pain), while also reducing or eliminating anxiety and depression. EPISODE RESOURCES Ahn, K., Johnson, D. S., & Cravatt, B. F. (2009). Fatty acid amide hydrolase as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of pain and CNS disorders. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 4(7), 763–784. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2882713/pdf/nihms-116402.pdf Bartel, S. J., Sherry, S. B., & Stewart, S. H. (2020). Self-isolation: A significant contributor to cannabis use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Substance Abuse, 41(4), 409–412. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33044893/ Bisogno, T., & Maccarrone, M. (2013). Latest advances in the discovery of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236044861_Latest_advances_in_the_discovery_of_fatty_acid_amide_hydrolase_inhibitors Boileau, I., Mansouri, E., Williams, B., Le Foll, B., Rusjan, P., Mizrahi, R., Tyndale, R. F., Huestis, M. A., Payer, D. E., Wilson, A. A., Houle, S., Kish, S. J., & Tong, J. (2016). Fatty acid amide hydrolase binding in brain of cannabis users: Imaging with the novel radiotracer [11C]CURB. Biological Psychiatry, 80(9), 691–701. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27345297/ Bornscheuer, L., Lundin, A., Forsell, Y., Lavebratt, C., & Melas, P. A. (2023). Functional variation in the FAAH gene is directly associated with subjective well-being and indirectly associated with problematic alcohol use. Genes, 14(9), 1826. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37761966/ Cravatt, B.F., & Lichtman, A.H. (2003). Fatty acid amide hydrolase: An emerging therapeutic target in the endocannabinoid system. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 7(4), 469–475. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12941421/ Di Marzo, V., & Petrosino, S. (2007). Endocannabinoids and the regulation of their levels in health and disease. Current Opinion in Lipidology, 18(2), 129–140. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17353660/ D’Souza, D. C., Cortes-Briones, J., Creatura, G., Bluez, G., Thurnauer, H., Deaso, E., Bielen, K., Surti, T., Radhakrishnan, R., Gupta, A., Gupta, S., Cahill, J., Sherif, M. A., Makriyannis, A., Morgan, P. T., Ranganathan, M., & Skosnik, P. D. (2019). Efficacy and safety of a fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor (PF-04457845) in the treatment of cannabis withdrawal and dependence in men: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, phase 2a single-site randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry, 6(1), 35–45. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(18)30427-9/abstract Girella, A., Di Bartolomeo, M., Dainese, E., Buzzelli, V., Trezza, V., & D’Addario, C. (2024). Fatty acid amide hydrolase and cannabinoid receptor type 1 genes regulation is modulated by social isolation in rats. Neurochemical Research, 49(5),1278-1290. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38368587 Giuffrida, A., Leweke, F. M., Gerth, C. W., Schreiber, D., Koethe, D., Faulhaber, J., Klosterkötter, J., & Piomelli, D. (2004). Cerebrospinal anandamide levels are elevated in acute schizophrenia and are inversely correlated with psychotic symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology, 29(11), 2108–2114. https://www.nature.com/articles/1300558 Habib, A. M., Okorokov, A. L., Hill, M. N., Bras, J. T., Lee, M.-C., Li, S., Gossage, S. J., van Drimmelen, M., Morena, M.,Houlden, H., Ramirez, J. D., Bennett, D. L. H., Srivastava, D., & Cox, J. J. (2019). Microdeletion in a FAAH pseudogene identified in a patient with high anandamide concentrations and pain insensitivity. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 123(2), e249–e253. https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC6676009&blobtype=pdf Haseltine, W.A., (2023). No pain, FAAH-OUT. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2023/06/19/no-pain-faah-out/ Huggins, J. P., Smart, T. S., Langman, S., Taylor, L., & Young, T. (2012). An efficient randomised, placebo-controlled ...
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    1 hr
  • Ep. 45 - Cruel Consequences: Portraits of Misguided Law - With Special Guest Tamara Lyn Netzel

    Ep. 45 - Cruel Consequences: Portraits of Misguided Law - With Special Guest Tamara Lyn Netzel
    Nov 27 2024

    In the schizophrenic United States of Cannabis, Americans have been denied fundamental Constitutional Rights because of their choice to use a plant. Long after court requirements are satisfied from a marijuana charge, many Americans are denied basic rights like employment, voting, housing, property, child custody, and college loans that keep them from Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. As the laws and regulations regarding cannabis undergo extreme transformations, Americans are still subjected to discrimination, but now, there could be a light on the horizon.

    In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we are excited to host our first poTcast guest, Tamara Lyn Netzel, a nationally-recognized cannabis advocate and author, who has just published her second book, Humans of Cannabis in a Renaissance of Hope, highlighting the struggles and successes of normal everyday Americans who have decided that cannabis is their drug - or medicine - of choice. Tamara is the founder of the non-profit 501c3 Cruel Consequences: Portraits of Misguided Law after becoming a medical cannabis advocate for treatment of her multiple sclerosis symptoms and in this episode of CNT, we discuss her journey to cannabis as medicine and her passion for cannabis advocacy.

    EPIDSODE RESOURCES

    Cruel Consequences: Portraits of Misguided Law https://cruelconsequences.org/

    Amazon: Humans of Cannabis in a Renaissance of Hope https://www.amazon.com/Humans-Cannabis-Tamara-Lyn-Netzel/dp/B0DHJH9HJV?sr=8-1

    Portraits of Misguided Law: The Human Cost of Marijuana Prohibition https://checkout.square.site/buy/RLKFXWPJQ5N4K6HDMBMBEVSL

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    1 hr and 10 mins
  • Ep. 44 - Buzz Kill: The 1937 Marijuana Tax Act

    Ep. 44 - Buzz Kill: The 1937 Marijuana Tax Act
    Nov 20 2024

    In order to understand how we ended up in the schizophrenic United States of Cannabis, we have to travel back in time to when cannabis was part of the American experience. For nearly 150 years after the first colony was established in Jamestown, Virginia, cannabis was utilized for spiritual rituals, rope, fibers, textiles, bird seed, oils and medicine, both for humans and pets. Until one day, a bunch of men in business suits decided that they needed a lot of money to start a war on drugs.

    In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we take a look at the very mixed-up and unfair hijinks used by the Federal government agencies that would later also benefit from its prohibition. It is all too apparent that our federal government is seriously flawed and even worse, those government entities who created this national psychosis are still benefiting from the effects of prohibition over 80 years later.

    EPISODE RESOURCES

    Adams, E. S. (2024). Just don’t do it: Why cannabis regulations are the reason cannabis businesses are failing. Nevada Law Journal, 24(349). https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1935&context=nlj0

    Galliher, J. F., & Walker, A. (1977). The puzzle of the social origins of the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937. Social Problems, 24(3), 367–376. https://doi.org/10.2307/800089

    Griffith, R. C. (2021). A breath of fresh air: A Constitutional amendment legalizing marijuana through an Article V Convention of the States. University of Massachusetts Law Review, 16(200), Article 2. https://scholarship.law.umassd.edu/umlr/vol16/iss2/2

    LaGuardia, F. (1944). The Laguardia Committee Report New York, USA (1944). https://rodneybarnett.net/PDF/Laguardia%20Report%201944.pdf

    Last Prisoner Project. (n.d.). Exactly how many people are locked up for weed? https://www.lastprisonerproject.org/cannabis-prisoner-scale

    National Conference of State Legislatures. (n.d.). State Medical Cannabis Laws. https://www.ncsl.org/health/state-medical-cannabis-laws?__cf_chl_tk=jj5C1HNOjfrPgfuAOfFuEtsRvbrl0ufw5tdRo54kBBk-1730819983-1.0.1.1-3WmtBp1aGo4X66bWfielCviKdPcDqEI.k1hG1LmOiH4

    National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2024). Alcohol Use in the United States: Age Groups and Demographic Characteristics. National Institutes of Health. https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics/alcohol-facts-and-statistics/alcohol-use-united-states-age-groups-and-demographic-characteristics

    Musto, D. F. (1972). The 1937 Marijuana Tax Act. Archives of General Psychiatry, 26, 101-108. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/54b9fbd9e4b0b6737df63e5d/t/627af393d870030771a32aa1/1652224915619/The+1937+Marijuana+Tax+Stamp+Act-Musto-1972.pdf

    Patton, D. V. (n.d.). A history of United States cannabis law. Journal of Law & Health, 34(1). https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1567&context=jlh

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    1 hr
  • Ep. 43 - Risky Buzzness - Driving While High (Part 2)

    Ep. 43 - Risky Buzzness - Driving While High (Part 2)
    Nov 13 2024
    Previous research has indicated that driving impaired while under the influence of cannabis can increase safety concerns for both driver and passengers, and that cannabis users are more likely to drive while impaired because of the perception that drugged driving is not as risky as drunk driving. However, prior driving research studies focused mainly on healthy individuals using intoxicating levels of THC, which do not provide real-world evidence of how new paradigms, such as medical cannabis, influence driving while high. In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we examine the safety concerns and current attitudes related to driving while high, and we emphasize an immediate need for more reliable drug testing methods and public education campaigns. EPISODE RESOURCES Boicu, B., Al-Hakim, D., Yuan, Y., & Brubacher R. J. (2024). Attitudes toward driving after cannabis use: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 106, 418–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2024.08.005 Brooks-Russell, A., Brown, T., Rapp-Olsson, A. M., Friedman, K., & Kosnett, M. (2019). Driving after cannabis use and compensatory driving behaviors among current cannabis users in Colorado. Traffic Injury Prevention, 20(sup2), S199–S201. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15389588.2019.1665424 Brown, T., Banz, B., Schmitt, R., Gaffney, G., Milavetz, G., Camenga, D., Li, K., Brooks-Russell, A., & Vaca, F. (2022). A study of self-reported personal cannabis use and state legal status and associations with engagement in and perceptions of cannabis-impaired driving. Traffic Injury Prevention, 23(sup1), S183–S186. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15389588.2022.2124803 Colizzi, M., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2018). Cannabis use and the development of tolerance: A systematic review of human evidence. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 93, 1-25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30056176/ Cuttler, C., Sexton, M., & Mischley, L. K. (2018). Driving under the influence of cannabis: An examination of driving beliefs and practices of medical and recreational cannabis users across the United States. Cannabis, 1(2), Article 2. https://publications.sciences.ucf.edu/cannabis/index.php/Cannabis/article/view/cannabis.2018.02.001 Di Ciano, P., Rajji, T. K., Hong, L., Zhao, S., Byrne, P., Elzohairy, Y., Brubacher, J. R., McGrath, M., Brands, B., Chen, S., Wang, W., Hasan, O. S. M., Wickens, C. M., Kaduri, P., & Le Foll, B. (2024). Cannabis and driving in older adults. JAMA Network Open, 7(1), e2352233. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2814053 Dutra, L. M., Gourdet, C., Farrelly, M. C., & Bradfield, B. (2023). Perceived safety, not perceived legality, mediates the relationship between cannabis legalization and drugged driving. Health Education & Behavior: The Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 50(6), 718–727. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35822623/ Jones, C., Donnelly, N., Swift, W., & Weatherburn, D. (2006). Preventing cannabis users from driving under the influence of cannabis. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 38(5), 854–861. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16574046/ Kraemer, M., Madea, B., & Hess, C. (2019). Detectability of various cannabinoids in plasma samples of cannabis users: Indicators of recent cannabis use? Drug Testing and Analysis, 11(10), 1498–1506. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31407526/ Manning, B., Arkell, T. R., Hayley, A. C., & Downey, L. A. (2024). A semi-naturalistic open-label study examining the effect of prescribed medical cannabis use on simulated driving performance. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 38(3), 247–257. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02698811241229524 McDonald, A. J., Hamilton, H. A., Wickens, C. M., Watson, T. M., Elton-Marshall, T., Wardell, J. D., Rueda, S., Roerecke, M., Stoduto, G., & Mann, R. E. (2021). Driving under the influence of cannabis risk perceptions and behaviour: A population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Preventive Medicine, 153, 106793. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743521003625 Miller, R., Brown, T., Schmitt, R., Gaffney, G., & Milavetz, G. (2024). Predicting changes in driving performance in individuals who use cannabis following acute use based on self-reported readiness to drive. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 195, 107376. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0001457523004232?via%3Dihub National Center for Statistics and Analysis. (2022). Alcohol-Impaired Driving: 2020 Data (Traffic Safety Facts. DOT HS 813 294) https://www.nhtsa.gov/data National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. 2022; https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt39441/NSDUHDetailedTabs2021/NSDUHDetailedTabs2021/NSDUHDetailedTabsTOC2021.htm#toc Ramaekers, J. G., Kauert, G., Theunissen, E. L., ...
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    1 hr
  • Ep. 42 - Risky Buzzness: Driving While High (Part 1)

    Ep. 42 - Risky Buzzness: Driving While High (Part 1)
    Nov 6 2024
    Previous research has indicated that driving impaired while under the influence of cannabis can increase safety concerns for both driver and passengers, and that cannabis users are more likely to drive while impaired because of the perception that drugged driving is not as risky as drunk driving. However, prior driving research studies focused mainly on healthy individuals using intoxicating levels of THC, which do not provide real-world evidence of how new paradigms, such as medical cannabis, influence driving while high. In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we examine the safety concerns and current attitudes related to driving while high, and we emphasize an immediate need for more reliable drug testing methods and public education campaigns. EPISODE RESOURCES Boicu, B., Al-Hakim, D., Yuan, Y., & Brubacher R.J. (2024). Attitudes toward driving after cannabis use: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 106, 418–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2024.08.005 Brooks-Russell, A., Brown, T., Rapp-Olsson, A.M., Friedman, K., & Kosnett, M. (2019). Driving after cannabis use and compensatory driving behaviors among current cannabis users in Colorado. Traffic Injury Prevention, 20(sup2), S199–S201. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15389588.2019.1665424 Brown, T., Banz, B., Schmitt, R., Gaffney, G., Milavetz, G., Camenga, D., Li, K., Brooks-Russell, A., & Vaca, F. (2022). A study of self-reported personal cannabis use and state legal status and associations with engagement in and perceptions of cannabis-impaired driving. Traffic Injury Prevention, 23(sup1), S183–S186. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15389588.2022.2124803 Colizzi, M., & Bhattacharyya, S. (2018). Cannabis use and the development of tolerance: A systematic review of human evidence. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 93, 1-25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30056176/ Cuttler, C., Sexton, M., & Mischley, L.K. (2018). Driving under the influence of cannabis: An examination of driving beliefs and practices of medical and recreational cannabis users across the United States. Cannabis, 1(2), Article 2. https://publications.sciences.ucf.edu/cannabis/index.php/Cannabis/article/view/cannabis.2018.02.001 Di Ciano, P., Rajji, T.K., Hong, L., Zhao, S., Byrne, P., Elzohairy, Y., Brubacher, J.R., McGrath, M., Brands, B., Chen, S., Wang, W., Hasan, O.S.M., Wickens, C.M., Kaduri, P., & Le Foll, B. (2024). Cannabis and driving in older adults. JAMA Network Open, 7(1), e2352233. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2814053 Dutra, L.M., Gourdet, C., Farrelly, M.C., & Bradfield, B. (2023). Perceived safety, not perceived legality, mediates the relationship between cannabis legalization and drugged driving. Health Education & Behavior: The Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 50(6), 718–727. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35822623/ Jones, C., Donnelly, N., Swift, W., & Weatherburn, D. (2006). Preventing cannabis users from driving under the influence of cannabis. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 38(5), 854–861. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16574046/ Kraemer, M., Madea, B., & Hess, C. (2019). Detectability of various cannabinoids in plasma samples of cannabis users: Indicators of recent cannabis use? Drug Testing and Analysis, 11(10), 1498–1506. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31407526/ Manning, B., Arkell, T.R., Hayley, A.C., & Downey, L.A. (2024). A semi-naturalistic open-label study examining the effect of prescribed medical cannabis use on simulated driving performance. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 38(3), 247–257. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02698811241229524 McDonald, A.J., Hamilton, H.A., Wickens, C.M., Watson, T.M., Elton-Marshall, T., Wardell, J.D., Rueda, S., Roerecke, M., Stoduto, G., & Mann, R.E. (2021). Driving under the influence of cannabis risk perceptions and behaviour: A population-based study in Ontario, Canada. Preventive Medicine, 153, 106793. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743521003625 Miller, R., Brown, T., Schmitt, R., Gaffney, G., & Milavetz, G. (2024). Predicting changes in driving performance in individuals who use cannabis following acute use based on self-reported readiness to drive. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 195, 107376. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0001457523004232?via%3Dihub National Center for Statistics and Analysis. (2022). Alcohol-Impaired Driving: 2020 Data (Traffic Safety Facts. DOT HS 813 294). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research. Available at https://www.nhtsa.gov/data National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). (2022). Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Detailed Tables. 2022. Available at https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt39441...
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    58 mins
  • Ep. 41 - Cannabis Legalization: What Employers Need To Know (Part 2)

    Ep. 41 - Cannabis Legalization: What Employers Need To Know (Part 2)
    Oct 30 2024
    Cannabis users are both considered criminals and protected under federal laws. What a mess. One of the most significant issues surrounding cannabis use, especially in states where medical marijuana is legal, is the ability to use state-sanctioned medical marijuana, which is typically protected under disability laws, but yet can also be punitive as employers are allowed to terminate employees for cannabis use. Another pressing concern is how workers’ compensation activities will be affected by an employee’s medical marijuana use. In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we continue to review how privacy laws, medical freedom, and workers’ compensation issues all have a significant impact on employers’ workplace policies, and we offer recommendations that employers should begin to consider as cannabis legalization is likely implemented in the near future. EPISODE RESOURCES Anderson, D. M., Hansen, B., & Rees, D.I. (2013). Medical marijuana laws, traffic fatalities, and alcohol consumption. Journal of Law and Economics, 56(2), 333–369. https://docs.iza.org/dp6112.pdf Barnett, G. (2023, July 31). A growing number of companies are dropping marijuana drug testing. WTOP News. https://wtop.com/business-finance/2023/07/a-growing-number-of-companies-drop-marijuana-drug-testing/#:~:text=But%20some%20businesses%20have%20done,looking%20to%20hire%2C%20Clayton%20said Carnide, N., Lee, H., Frone, M.R., Furlan, A.D., & Smith, P.M. (2021). Patterns and correlates of workplace and non-workplace cannabis use among Canadian workers before the legalization of non-medical cannabis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 218, 108386. https://oem.bmj.com/content/oemed/79/12/824.full.pdf Chakraborty, A., Doremus, J., & Stith, S. (2020). The effects of recreational cannabis access on labor markets: Evidence from Colorado. IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 10(1). https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/izajole-2021-0005 Dylan, D., & Soltys, J. (2020). Accommodating the unknown: Balancing employee human rights with the employer duty to ensure safety: A Dialogue on Stewart v Elk Valley and the Cannabis Act. Canadian Journal of Human Rights, 9(1), 57. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/canajo9&div=6&id=&page= Hazle, M.C., Hill, K.P., & Westreich, L.M. (2022). Workplace cannabis policies: A moving target. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 7(1), 16-23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8864412/ Hire Right. (2023, June). Employers Guide to Legalized Marijuana (Medical & Adult Use/Recreational). E-book retrieved from https://www.hireright.com/resources/employers-guide-to-legalized-medical-and-recreational-marijuana Howard, J., Wurzelbacher, S., Osborne, J., Wolf, J., Ruser, J., & Chadarevian, R. (2021). Review of cannabis reimbursement by workers’ compensation insurance in the US and Canada. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 64(12), 989-1001. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajim.23294 Green, C.P, & Paniagua, M.N. (2016). Play hard, shirk hard? The effect of bar hours regulation on worker absence. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, 78(2), 248-264. https://conference.iza.org/conference_files/riskonomics2012/green_c3422.pdf Kelly, J. (2024, June 14). Why workplace absenteeism is on the rise. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2024/06/14/why-workplace-absenteeism-is-on-the-rise/ Marmot, M.G., North, F., Feeney, A., & Head, J. (1993). Alcohol consumption and sickness absence: From the Whitehall II study. Addiction, 88(3), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb00824.x Martinez, A. (2024, April 29). 2024 Marijuana Legalization Review: A Guide for Employers In A Complex Legal Landscape. Available at https://www.hireright.com/blog/2024-marijuana-legalization-review-a-guide-for-employers-in-a-complex-legal Nicholas, L.H., & Maclean, J.C. (2016). The effect of medical marijuana laws on the health and labor supply of older adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. NBER Working Paper No. 22688. JEL No. I10,I18,J20. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w22688/w22688.pdf Nissen, J. (2023, September 24). Michigan dropping marijuana drug testing for some new-hires on Oct.1. https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/michigan-dropping-marijuana-drug-testing-for-some-new-hires-on-oct-1 Otañez, M. (2021). A labor studies approach to cannabis. In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Prohibition Cannabis Research (pp. 174-182). Routledge. https://cannalib.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Post-Prohibition-Cannabis-Research-2021.pdf#page=195 Paychex. (2019, June 19). More than one-third of business owners not prepared to manage legalized marijuana in the workplace. https://www.paychex.com/newsroom/news-releases/business-owners-not-prepared-to-manage-legalized-marijuana Pearlman, S. (2019, August 15). Illinois' hazy new law legalizing ...
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    1 hr and 8 mins
  • Ep. 40 - Cannabis Legalization: What Employers Need To Know (Part 1)

    Ep. 40 - Cannabis Legalization: What Employers Need To Know (Part 1)
    Oct 23 2024
    Cannabis legalization will have a profound impact across all levels of society. One of the most significant effects of cannabis legalization relates to employment. Employers have a financial interest in ensuring that employees are not intoxicated on the job and will not create a safety hazard related to impairment risks. On the other hand employers must also adhere to strict privacy and ADA guidelines which may conflict with federal requirements associated with a drug free workplace. In this episode of Cannabis Nurse Truths, we review the concerns related to cannabis legalization in the workplace in which employers must be aware of the rapidly changing laws and regulations in order to help them develop legally defensive workplace policies that also legally balance the health needs of their employees who use cannabis. EPISODE RESOURCE Anderson, D.M., Hansen, B., & Rees, D.I. (2013). Medical marijuana laws, traffic fatalities, and alcohol consumption. Journal of Law and Economics, 56(2), 333–369. https://docs.iza.org/dp6112.pdf Barnett, G. (2023, July 31). A growing number of companies are dropping marijuana drug testing. WTOP News. https://wtop.com/business-finance/2023/07/a-growing-number-of-companies-drop-marijuana-drug-testing/#:~:text=But%20some%20businesses%20have%20done,looking%20to%20hire%2C%20Clayton%20said Carnide, N., Lee, H., Frone, M.R., Furlan, A.D., & Smith, P.M. (2021). Patterns and correlates of workplace and non-workplace cannabis use among Canadian workers before the legalization of non-medical cannabis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 218, 108386. https://oem.bmj.com/content/oemed/79/12/824.full.pdf Chakraborty, A., Doremus, J., & Stith, S. (2020). The effects of recreational cannabis access on labor markets: Evidence from Colorado. IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 10(1). https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/izajole-2021-0005 Hazle, M.C., Hill, K.P., & Westreich, L.M. (2022). Workplace cannabis policies: A moving target. Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, 7(1), 16-23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8864412/ Hire Right. (2023, June). Employers guide to legalized marijuana (medical & adult use/recreational). E-book retrieved from https://www.hireright.com/resources/employers-guide-to-legalized-medical-and-recreational-marijuana Howard, J., Wurzelbacher, S., Osborne, J., Wolf, J., Ruser, J., & Chadarevian, R. (2021). Review of cannabis reimbursement by workers’ compensation insurance in the US and Canada. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 64(12), 989-1001. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajim.23294 Green, C.P, & Paniagua, M.N. (2016). Play hard, shirk hard? The effect of bar hours regulation on worker absence. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, 78(2), 248-264. https://conference.iza.org/conference_files/riskonomics2012/green_c3422.pdf Kelly, J. (2024, June 14). Why workplace absenteeism is on the rise. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2024/06/14/why-workplace-absenteeism-is-on-the-rise/ Marmot, M.G., North, F., Feeney, A., & Head, J. (1993). Alcohol consumption and sickness absence: From the Whitehall II study. Addiction, 88(3), 369–382. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb00824.x Martinez, A. (2024, April 29). 2024 Marijuana legalization review: A guide for employers in a complex legal landscape. Available at https://www.hireright.com/blog/2024-marijuana-legalization-review-a-guide-for-employers-in-a-complex-legal Nicholas, L.H., & Maclean, J.C. (2016). The effect of medical marijuana laws on the health and labor supply of older adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. NBER Working Paper No. 22688. JEL No. I10,I18,J20. https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w22688/w22688.pdf Nissen, J. (2023, September 24). Michigan dropping marijuana drug testing for some new-hires on Oct.1. https://www.fox2detroit.com/news/michigan-dropping-marijuana-drug-testing-for-some-new-hires-on-oct-1 Otañez, M. (2021). A labor studies approach to cannabis. In The Routledge Handbook of Post-Prohibition Cannabis Research (pp. 174-182). Routledge. https://cannalib.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Post-Prohibition-Cannabis-Research-2021.pdf#page=195 Paychex. (2019, June 19). More than one-third of business owners not prepared to manage legalized marijuana in the workplace. https://www.paychex.com/newsroom/news-releases/business-owners-not-prepared-to-manage-legalized-marijuana Pearlman, S. (2019, August 15). Illinois' hazy new law legalizing recreational use of marijuana. https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenpearlman/2019/08/15/illinois-hazy-new-law-legalizing-recreational-use-of-marijuana/ Perlman, A.I., McLeod, H.M., Ventresca, E.C., Salinas, M.G., Post, P.J., & Schuh, M.J. (2021, October). Medical cannabis state and federal regulations: Implications for United States health care entities. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 96(10), 2671-2681. ...
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    1 hr and 5 mins
  • Ep. 39 - Cannabis & Sperm Donors: Just Say No! (Part 4)

    Ep. 39 - Cannabis & Sperm Donors: Just Say No! (Part 4)
    Oct 16 2024

    Our past several episodes have focused on how cannabis use is harmful across all stages of pregnancy, from the prenatal to the lactation period. However, there is another person in this equation that results in a pregnancy, and until just recently, men have been largely left out of the research regarding the effects of cannabis use in relation to reproduction. That is changing as increased legalization and access to cannabis has researchers examining the effects of its exposure on male reproduction.

    In this episode of CNT, we highlight the adverse effects of cannabis exposure in men that may create long-term genetic changes in their offspring. From the accumulating evidence, we can state with certainty that men who are interested in contributing to a pregnancy should refrain from cannabis use, as it affects not only sperm cells but can also create harmful DNA alterations that are hereditary. In other words, men should also just say no if they plan on contributing to a pregnancy.

    EPISODE RESOURCES

    Carvalho, R.K., Andersen, M.L., & Mazaro‐Costa, R. (2020). The effects of cannabidiol on male reproductive system: A literature review. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 40(1), 132–150. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.3831

    Carvalho, R.K., Santos, M.L., Souza, M.R., Rocha, T.L., Guimarães, F.S., Anselmo‐Franci, J.A., & Mazaro‐Costa, R. (2018). Chronic exposure to cannabidiol induces reproductive toxicity in male Swiss mice. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 38(9), 1215–1223. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.3631

    Govahi, A., Eghbali, S., Ajdary, M., Amjadi, F., Nazari, M., Kazorgah, F.M., & Mehdizadeh, M. (2024). Cannabidiol impairs sperm quality and function in adult mice. Middle East Fertility Society Journal, 29(1), 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43043-024-00184-8

    Gundersen, T.D., Jørgensen, N., Andersson, A.-M., Bang, A. K., Nordkap, L., Skakkebæk, N.E., Priskorn, L., Juul, A., & Jensen, T.K. (2015). Association between use of marijuana and male reproductive hormones and semen quality: A study among 1,215 healthy young men. American Journal of Epidemiology, 182(6), 473–481. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwv135

    Ismaeil, A., Jankowski, P.M., Riffat Bibi, F., Hammadeh, M.E., & Amor, H. (2024). The effects of cannabis compounds (THC, CBD, and THC-COOH) on sperm motility in male participants: A prospective study. International Journal of Women’s Health and Reproduction Sciences, 12(1), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2024.6001

    Lim, J., Squire, E., & Jung, K.-M. (2023). Phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system and male reproduction. World Journal of Men’s Health, 41(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.220132

    Lotfi, N., Khazaei, M., Shariatzadeh, S.M.A., Soleimani Mehranjani, M., & Ghanbari, A. (2013). The effect of cannabis sativa hydroalcoholic extract on sperm parameters and testis histology in rats. International Journal of Morphology, 31(1), 82–86. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022013000100012

    Maccarrone, M., Rapino, C., Francavilla, F., & Barbonetti, A. (2021). Cannabinoid signaling and effects of cannabis on the male reproductive system. Nature Reviews Urology, 18(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41585-020-00391-8

    Schrott, R., & Murphy, S.K. (2020). Cannabis use and the sperm epigenome: A budding concern? Environmental Epigenetics, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvaa002

    Schrott, R., Modliszewski, J.L., Hawkey, A.B., Grenier, C., Holloway, Z., Evans, J., Pippen, E., Corcoran, D.L., Levin, E.D., & Murphy, S.K. (2022). Sperm DNA methylation alterations from cannabis extract exposure are evident in offspring. Epigenetics & Chromatin, 15(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13072-022-00466-3

    Schrott, R., Murphy, S.K., Modliszewski, J.L., King, D.E., Hill, B., Itchon-Ramos, N., Raburn, D., Price, T., Levin, E.D., Vandrey, R., Corcoran, D.L., Kollins, S.H., & Mitchell, J.T. (2021). Refraining from use diminishes cannabis-associated epigenetic changes in human sperm. Environmental Epigenetics, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvab009

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    1 hr and 5 mins